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Simple Past Tense (Geçmiş Zaman)

Simple Past zaman yapısı geçmişi ifade etmek için kullanılır. Örneğin;


Geçen hafta kitap okudum.
Dün televizyon seyrettim .
Yeni bir kitap aldım.



Geçmiş zaman yapısının kuruluşu oldukça kolaydır. İfade, fiillere -ed takısı eklenerek oluşturulur:


I worked hard yestarday. –> Ben dün çok çalıştım.
I watched television yesterday. -> Dün televizyon seyrettim.
The police arrested the thief. -> Polis hırsızı tutukladı.
They visited The Prime Minister yesterday. -> Onlar dün Başbakanı ziyaret ettiler.



Genel kural olarak bütün fiillere -ed takısı gelmektedir; ancak bazı fiiler bu kuralın dışındadır. Bunlar düzensiz fillerdir. Örneğin, go -> "gitmek" fiiline -ed takısı eklemeyiz. Yerine bu fiilin ikinci halini kullanırız.


I goed home. (Yanlış)
I went home -> Eve gittim.


-ed takısı almayan bu tür fiillere düzensiz fiiller denir. Sayısı azdır ve zamanla belleğimize yerleşmektedir. Bu düzensiz fiilerin bir listesi vardır. Gerektiğinde kullanabilirsiniz.

Geçmiş zaman yapısında soru sormak için cümle yapısı şöyledir:


Did + Özne + fiil

Did you visit your friend yesterday? -> Dün arkadaşını ziyaret ettin mi?
Did you study? -> Çalıştın mı?
Did they go out last night? -> Geçen akşam dışarı çıktılar mı?


Geçmiş zaman olumsuz ifadeler ise şöyledir:


Özne + did + not + fiil

I did not watch that film -> O filmi izlemedim.
They did not invite me -> Beni davet etmediler.
We did not phone him -> Ona telefon etmedik.

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE
a. Use :

The Simple Past Tense is used to talk about completed actions in the past:
--> My brother got a new job in Madrid last week.
--> How did he react when you told the truth?
--> Shakespeare died in 1616.

In addition, the Simple Past is used to describe situations which existed for a period of time in the past.
--> Millions of years ago, dinosaurs inhabited the earth.
--> George Washington was the first president of the United States.

The Simple Past is also used to express non-continuous actions which occurred at a definite time in the past.
--> Columbus reached America in 1492.
--> I graduated from school last year.

It is also used to talk about habits in the past:
--> We always had roast beef on Sundays when I was a boy.
--> We used to walk a mile in the morning when we were in London.
--> We never went abroad for our holidays until the 1970s

It is used to talk about events that happened one after the other:
--> He jumped out of bed, ran into the bathroom and slammed the door.

It is used in the second conditional
--> She would help him if she knew he was in trouble.

  2. Formation of the simple past:

a. The verb To Be
The Simple Past of the verb to be is conjugated as follows:

Questions and negative statements
The Simple Present and Simple Past of the verb to be do not use auxiliaries to form questions and negative statements. Instead, the verb itself is used.

The verb to be forms questions and negative statements in the same way in the Simple Past as in the Simple Present. In order to form a question, the verb is placed before the subject. For example:

In the case of irregular English verbs, the form of the Simple Past must be memorized. As illustrated by the examples below, for some irregular verbs, the Simple Past is the same as the past participle; whereas for others, the Simple Past differs from the past participle. For example:

i. Questions and negative statements
In both the Simple Present and the Simple Past of verbs other than the verb to be, questions and negative statements are formed using the auxiliary to do and the bare infinitive.

For questions and negative statements in the Simple Past, the Simple Past of the auxiliary to do is used. The Simple Past of to do is conjugated as follows:

In order to change an affirmative statement into a question, did is placed before the subject, and the form of the verb is changed from the Simple Past to the bare infinitive. In the following example, the regular verb to work is used. The verb to work has the Simple Past worked, and the bare infinitive work.

SIMPLE PAST  ( GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN )

POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION  I -  wrote  I did not  write  did  I  write  you -  wrote  you did not  write  did  you  write  we -  wrote  we did not  write  did  we  write  they -  wrote  they did not  write  did  they  write  he -  wrote  he did not  write  did  he  write  she -  wrote  she did not  write  did  she  write  it -  wrote Sonraki Yazı » « Önceki Yazı Simple Past Tense (Geçmiş Zaman) Yorum Yaz Arkadaşların Burada ! Arkadaşların Burada ! Giriş Yapın Kullanıcı Adı: Şifre : Şifremi unuttum | Üye Ol Şifremi Sıfırla Facebook connect Bu içeriği duvarında Paylaş Bu içeriği arkadaşlarınla paylaş! Yeni içerikler bul! İptal Gönder